pertanian. Beberapa contoh limbah pertanian diantara lain adalah sabut dan tempurung kelapa,jerami dan dedak padi, dan sebagainya.
Limbah pertanian dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam beberapa jenis yaitu limbah pra panen dan
saat panen serta limbah pasca panen. Sedangkan limbah pasca panen itu juga terbagi menjadi limbah sebelum diolah dan limbah setelah diolah atau sering dikenal dengan limbah industri pertanian.
Apakah limbah pertanian dapat dimanfaatkan?
Ya limbah pertanian sebagian dapat dimanfaatkan. Sebagai contoh limbah pertanian dapat dijadikan sebagai pakan ternak. Namun pemanfaatan ini masih tergolong rendah. Contoh lain adalah limbah pertanian jerami padi/jagung/ ubi jalar, pada dasarnya limbah ini dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik, akan tetapi petani lebih sering membakarnya setelah panen. Sangat disayangkan bukan. Dewasa ini masih sangat minim pemanfaatan limbah pertanian, hal ini terbukti dari sebuah penelitian hanya sekitar 30% peternak di Indonesia yang memanfaatkan limbah pertanian sebagai pakan dan juga pupuk.
Limbah pertanian dapat digolongkan kedalam 4 kelompok yaitu :
- Limbah pertanian pra panen contoh daun, ranting atau buah yang gugur sengaja atau tidak.
- Limbah pertanian panen contoh batang atau jerami saat panen padi.
- Limbah pertanian pasca panen contoh kulit atau jeroan pada ternak potong.
- Limbah industri pertanian contoh molases pada pabrik gula tebu.
Limbah pertanian untuk pakan
Meski tergolong limbah, namun jangan salah. Limbah pertanian juga memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak. Dibawah ini adalah data nutrisi dari beberapa limbah peternakan.
No | Bahan Pakan | BK (%) | PK (%) | LK (%) | SK (%) | TDN (%) |
1 | Jerami padi | 31,87 | 5,21 | 1,17 | 26,78 | 51,49 |
2 | Kulit kedelai | 90,37 | 18,96 | 1,25 | 22,83 | 62,72 |
3 | Klobot jagung | 42,56 | 3,40 | 2,55 | 23,32 | 66,41 |
4 | Tongkol jagung | 76,61 | 5,62 | 1,57 | 25,54 | 53,07 |
5 | Jerami kacang tanah | 29,08 | 11,31 | 3,32 | 16,62 | 64,51 |
6 | Jerami kedelai | 30,39 | 14,10 | 3,54 | 20,97 | 61,59 |
7 | Jerami kacang hijau | 21,93 | 15,32 | 3,59 | 26,90 | 55,52 |
8 | Jerami kacang panjang | 28,39 | 6,94 | 3,33 | 33,49 | 55,28 |
9 | Jerami komak | 16,20 | 24,71 | 3,85 | 21,03 | 68,29 |
10 | Jerami kc.tunggak/antap | 15,52 | 16,06 | 3,93 | 38,08 | 48,31 |
11 | Jerami jagung segar | 21,69 | 9,66 | 2,21 | 26,30 | 60,24 |
Sumber data: (Hardiyanto, R 2004) dalam Agustini (2010)
Ok sampai disini pembahasan tentang pengertian limbah pertanian, Jika anda merasa artikel ini bermanfaat, tekan tombol like / share untuk membagikan informasi ini ke teman teman facebook anda. Semoga artikel Pengertian Limbah Pertanian dapat bermanfaat bagi anda.
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